Purple Tang (Zebrasoma Xanthurum)

Species Name : Zebrasoma Xanthurum

Care Level : Moderate

Temperament : Semi-aggressive

Color : Blue, Purple, Yellow

Diet : Herbivore

Reef Compatible : Yes

Water Conditions : sg 1.020-1.025, 72-78° F, dKH 8-12, pH 8.1-8.4

Max. Size : 10"

Origin : Kenya, Red Sea

Family : Acanthuridae

Minimum Tank Size : 130 gallons

Zebrasoma Xanthurum, the Purple Tang or Yellowtail Tang, is a species of reef surgeonfish in the family Acanthuridae.

The Zebrasoma Xanthurum is blue to purple in color with a yellow tail and yellow accents on the pectoral fins.  Juveniles tend to have horizontal striping that eventually fades away. Body shape is similar to a Sailfin tang, most obvious when the fish displays its fins when startled, in defense or aggression. The Zebrasoma Xanthurum can grow up to 10” in size, so they will need ample amounts of swimming room.

If housed properly, it is a rewarding and attractive addition to any large fish-only tank, or reef aquarium. Full grown adults of this tang will need around 130 gallons; however, you can get away with smaller aquariums when they are juveniles. If keeping them, be sure to provide good lighting, lots of free-swimming space and plenty of potential hiding spots. 

Zebrasoma Xanthurum is usually peaceful or moderately aggressive. Perhaps this depends on the circumstances or each fish has its own character. The aggression is mainly aimed at other surgeonfish, fish with a similar body shape or food competitors. As with all surgeonfish, it is therefore best to place this species in the aquarium last. Once the fish has been established, there is a greater chance that it will behave aggressively towards newly introduced residents. With a penchant for algae, purple tangs are an ideal species for reef tanks. They hunt down pesky hair algae between corals without disturbing the delicate polyps. And their foraging habits won’t cause a problem for any of your other invertebrates.

Although Tangs will eat meaty foods along with the other fish in the aquarium, it is important that they are offered plenty of marine-based seaweed and algae. This will strengthen their immune system, reduce aggression, and improve their overall health. Offer dried seaweed tied to a rock or use a veggie clip, and feed at least 3 times per week. 

Size: Small: 1-1/2" to 2"; Small/Medium: 2" to 2-3/4"; Medium: 2-3/4" to 3-1/2"; Medium/Large: 3-1/2" - 4" Large: 4" to 5"